Swachh Bharat
A nation-wide campaign in India
By- hotri shrimali
The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is the most significant cleanliness campaign by the Government of India. Shri Narendra Modi led a cleanliness pledge at India Gate, which about thirty lakh government employees across the country joined. He also flagged off a walkathon at Rajpath and surprised people by joining in not just for a token few steps, but marching with the participants for a long way.
The Prime Minister has helped spread the message of Swachh Bharat by urging people through his words & action. He carried out a cleanliness drive in Varanasi as well. He wielded a spade near River Ganga at Assi Ghat in Varanasi under the Clean India Mission. He was joined by a large group of local people who cooperated in the Swachhta Abhiyan. Understanding the significance of sanitation, Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has simultaneously addressed the health problems that roughly half of the Indians families have to deal with due to lack of proper toilets in their homes.
Swachh Bharat Abhiyan has become a ‘Jan Andolan’ receiving tremendous support from the people. Citizens too have turned out in large numbers and pledged for a neat and cleaner India. Taking the broom to sweep the streets, cleaning up the garbage, focussing on sanitation and maintaining a hygienic environment have become a practice after the launch of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. People have started to take part and are helping spread the message of ‘Cleanliness is next to Godliness'.
Impact of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
A notable instance is that the National Rural Sanitation Survey (NARSS) conducted under the World Bank support project found that 93.4% of the household in rural India who have access to toilet use it. This reflects that behaviour change is happening on the ground . The behaviour change represented in the statistics say a lot about the success of the mission. Where having a conversation of toilet and defecation was confined to closet talk , the government bringing this issue out inducted both economic and societal transformation of which women plays an integral role.
The mission has not only upheld the dignity of women, but also roped in them as partners of the project from the grassroots level where they were given roles to emphasise upon the role of toilets in both homes and the larger community. This was brought forward by PM Modi during the launch of ‘Swachhata Hi Seva’ campaign where he lauded the contribution of India’s Nari ‘s Shakti in the mission.
Objectives of swachh Bharat Mission
1.Construction of individual, cluster and community toilets.
2.To eliminate or reduce open defecation. Open defecation is one of the main causes of deaths of thousands of children each year.
3.Not only latrine construction, the Swachh Bharat Mission will also make an initiative of establishing an accountable mechanism of monitoring
4.Public awareness will also be provided about the drawbacks of open defecation and promotion of latrine use.
5.Proper, dedicated ground staff will be recruited to bring about behavioural change and promotion of latrine use.
6.For proper sanitation use, the mission will aim at changing people’s attitudes, mindsets and behaviours.
7.Villages to be kept clean with Solid and Liquid Waste Management.
Solid and liquid waste management through gram panchayats.
8.To lay water pipelines in all villages, ensuring water supply to all households by 2019.
9.To make India Open Defecation Free (ODF) India by 2019, by providing access to toilet facilities to all.
10.To provide toilets, separately for Boys and Girls in all schools by 15.8.2015.
To provide toilets to all Anganwadis
Swachh Bharat Mission: Urban Areas
The mission aims to cover 1.04 crore households, provide 2.5 lakh community toilets, 2.6 lakh public toilets, and a solid waste management facility in each town. Under the programme, community toilets will be built in residential areas where it is difficult to construct individual household toilets. Public toilets will also be constructed in designated locations such as tourist places, markets, bus stations, railway stations, etc. The programme will be implemented over a five-year period in 4,401 towns. Of the Rs 62,009 crore likely to be spent on the programme, the Centre will pitch in Rs 14,623 crore. Of the Centre’s share of Rs 14,623 crore, Rs 7,366 crore will be spent on solid waste management, Rs 4,165 crore on individual household toilets, Rs 1,828 crore on public awareness and Rs 655 crore on community toilets.
The programme includes elimination of open defecation, conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, eradication of manual scavenging, municipal solid waste management and bringing about a behavioural change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices.
Swachh Bharat Mission: Gramin Areas
The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan has been restructured into the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin). The mission aims to make India an open defecation free country in Five Years. Under the mission, One lakh thirty four thousand crore rupees will be spent for construction of about 11 crore 11 lakh toilets in the country. Technology will be used on a large scale to convert waste into wealth in rural India in the forms of bio-fertilizer and different forms of energy. The mission is to be executed on war footing with the involvement of every gram panchayat, panchayat samiti and Zila Parishad in the country, besides roping in large sections of rural population and school teachers and students in this endeavor.
Swachh Bharat Mission: Gramin Areas
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